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Modularized Production of Value-Added Products and Fuels from Distributed Waste Carbon-Rich Feedstocks Perspective

Robert S. Weber, Johnathan E. Holladay

Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 330-335 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.012

Abstract:

We have adapted and characterized electrolysis reactors to complement the conversion of regional- and community-scale quantities of waste into fuel or chemicals. The overall process must be able to contend with a wide range of feedstocks, must be inherently safe, and should not rely on external facilities for co-reactants or heat rejection and supply. Our current approach is based on the upgrading of bio-oil produced by the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of carbon-containing waste feedstocks. HTL can convert a variety of feedstocks into a bio-oil that requires much less upgrading than the products of other ways of deconstructing biomass. We are now investigating the use of electrochemical processes for the further conversions needed to transform the bio-oil from HTL into fuel or higher value chemicals. We, and others, have shown that electrochemical reduction can offer adequate reaction rates and at least some of the necessary generality. In addition, an electrochemical reactor necessarily both oxidizes (removes electrons) on one side of the reactor and reduces (adds electrons) on the other side. Therefore, the two types of reactions could, in principle, be coupled to upgrade the bio-oil and simultaneously polish the water that is employed as a reactant and a carrier in the upstream HTL. Here, we overview a notional process, the possible conversion chemistry, and the economics of an HTL-electrochemical process.

Keywords： Reducing generation and discharge of     pollutants     Chemical engineering    

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Development of surface active agent for textiles and its role in saving energy and water and reducingdischarge and consumption

Yao Mu

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 14-16

Abstract:

To meet the requirements of saving energy and water and reducing discharge

Keywords： textile industry     surface active agent     save energy     reduce discharge    

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Abatement of sulfide generation in sewage by glutaraldehyde supplementation and the impact on the activated

Lehua ZHANG,Jingxing MA,Yinchen JIN,Haiqin ZHANG,Yongdi LIU,Lankun Cai

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 365-370 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0645-1

Abstract: In this study, a novel method to inhibit sulfide generation from sewage by means of glutaraldehyde supplementation

Keywords： corrosion     glutaraldehyde     sulfate-reducing bacteria     sulfide     urban sewage    

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Reducing Fiber Technic for 3D Braiding Hollow Coneshaped Fabric

Zhu Jianxun

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 66-69

Abstract:

Reducing-fiber technics of 3D hollow coneshaped fabric braided from big end are researched,includingrow-directional reducing-fiber technic, annulus-directional reducing-fiber technic, reducing-fiber technicReducing-fiber technic by thinning fiber is a kind of special annulus-directional reducing-fiber technic

Keywords： 3D braiding     hollow coneshaped fabric     reducing-fiber technic by reducing carrier     reducing-fiber technic    

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Effect of mineral additives and permeability reducing admixtures having different action mechanisms on

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1277-1291 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-1752-2

Abstract: In this paper, the effect of usage of the permeability reducing admixture (PRA) having different action

Keywords： cementitious system     mineral additive     permeability reducing admixture     mechanical properties     durability    

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Local arc discharge mechanism and requirements of power supply in micro-arc oxidation of magnesium alloy

Ming CHEN, Yuezhou MA, Yuan HAO,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 98-105 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0088-8

Abstract: Based on the experimental results and electric arc theory, the separate local arc discharge mechanismSeparate local arc discharge is caused by the process in which the oxygen-based gas is ionized in theThe local arc discharge model is described as four courses: gas created from electrolysis, arc dischargeThe purpose of pulse supply is to inhibit the large-arc discharge by intervening proper cooling time,Using a discharge loop to remove the influence of load capacitive, a new type of pulse power supply for

Keywords： micro-arc oxidation     local arc discharge     pulse power supply     magnesium alloy    

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Degradation of metronidazole by dielectric barrier discharge in an aqueous solution

Zhipeng Yang, Anxing Lai, Hangyu Chen, Youxiang Yan, Ye Yang, Weiwei Zhang, Lei Wang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1117-4

Abstract:

The discharge characteristics during the degradation of MNZ by DBD

Increasing the discharge frequency can promote

Keywords： Dielectric barrier discharge     Antibiotic     Metronidazole     Water treatment    

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Removal of Cu(II) and Fe(III) from aqueous solutions by dead sulfate reducing bacteria

Hong’en QUAN, He BAI, Yang HAN, Yong KANG, Jiao SUN

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 177-184 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1324-7

Abstract: The biosorption properties of dead sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) for the removal of Cu(II) and Fe(III

Keywords： sulfate reducing bacteria     biosorption     Cu(II)     Fe(III)    

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On Reducing Investments of Metro Construction in China

Shi Zhongheng

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 36-39

Abstract: technology, reliable in safety, economical in investment and practical in functions, the possibilities for reducingmetro construction costs are analysed, and the following tentative suggestions for reducing metro construction

Keywords： metro construction     investments     reducing    

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NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 153-158 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0027-z

Abstract: The effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions on NO conversion by positive streamer discharge

Keywords： conversion     streamer discharge     wheel-cylinder     positive streamer    

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Zero increase in peak discharge for sustainable development

Xing Fang, Junqi Li, Yongwei Gong, Xiaoning Li

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0935-5

Abstract: primarily pervious) are converted into impervious areas which lead to increases of runoff volume and peak dischargeMost of the developed countries require a zero increase in peak discharge for any land development, andThe policy of zero increase in peak discharge can be considered as historical and early stage for thefinancial responsibility and sustainability for construction of urban stormwater infrastructures and for reducingWe promote and advocate the zero-increase policy on peak discharge for comprehensive stormwater management

Keywords： Stormwater management     Detention basin     Zero increase     Peak discharge     Sustainable development     Design rainfall    

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Plasma-assisted oxidation of benzoic acid

Anna Khlyustova, Nikolay Sirotkin

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 513-521 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1825-0

Abstract: Oxidation of benzoic acid in aqueous solutions by the atmospheric pressure glow discharge and underwaterdiaphragm discharge was studied and monitored by fluorescence and spectrophotometric methods.Discharge type and solution pH affect the formation rates of mono- and dihydroxybenzoic acids.Dihydroxyl derivatives were formed only by glow discharge action.

Keywords： atmospheric pressure glow discharge     underwater diaphragm discharge     oxidation     benzoic acid     hydroxyl radical    

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An experimental study for optimization of high range water reducing superplasticizer in self compacting

Rahul DUBEY, Pardeep KUMAR

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 62-71 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0192-z

Abstract: Concrete is extensively used construction material in the infrastructure development industry. With increase in technical knowhow, the need of research for high performance concretes such as self-compacting concrete (SCC) has increased in the last decade. The adaptability of SCC is due to its fluidic behavior in fresh state. However, to develop SCC using indigenous materials, the lack of standardized mix design procedures is the biggest impediment. Although with the advent of chemical admixtures, it is possible to achieve concrete with high fluidity, but at the same time durability issues require more attention. To have these fresh state properties SCC mixes are typically designed with high powder contents, and chemical admixtures. Proportioning and optimization of these materials is a key issue in the mix design of SCC. This paper focuses mainly on experimental study to optimize dosages of superplasticizer for mortar of SCC and then in concrete mixture itself.

Keywords： self-compacting concrete (SCC)     fresh properties     superplasticizer     optimization     compressive strength    

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Transportation: meeting the dual challenges of achieving energy security and reducing greenhouse gas

Michael Quanlu WANG, Hong HUO

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 212-225 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0016-y

Abstract: As the population and economy continue to grow globally, demand for energy will continue to grow. The transportation sector relies solely on petroleum for its energy supply. The United States and China are the top two oil-importing countries. A major issue both countries face and are addressing is energy insecurity as a result of the demand for liquid fuels. Improvements in the energy efficiency of vehicles and the substitution of petroleum fuels with alternative fuels can help contain growth in the demand for transportation oil. Although most alternative transportation fuels - when applied to advanced vehicle technologies - can substantially reduce greenhouse emissions, coal-based liquid fuels may increase greenhouse gas emissions by twice as much as gasoline. Such technologies as carbon capture and storage may need to be employed to manage the greenhouse gas emissions of coal-based fuels. At present, there is no ideal transportation fuel option to solve problems related to transportation energy and greenhouse gas emissions. To solve these problems, research and development efforts are needed for a variety of transportation fuel options and advanced vehicle technologies.

Keywords： transportation energy     energy security     greenhouse gases     alternative fuels     vehicle technologies    

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Capacity estimation and preliminary strategy for reducing the release of dioxins in China

YU Gang, ZHANG Qing, HUANG Jun, CAI Zhenxiao, SUI Qian

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 13-17 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0002-8

Abstract: The strategy and action plan for reducing the release of dioxins in China are the most important componentsHow about the capacity for reducing the dioxins release from the key sources?

Keywords： GIS     difference     capacity     scenario     implementation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Modularized Production of Value-Added Products and Fuels from Distributed Waste Carbon-Rich Feedstocks

Robert S. Weber, Johnathan E. Holladay

Journal Article

Development of surface active agent for textiles and its role in saving energy and water and reducingdischarge and consumption

Yao Mu

Journal Article

Abatement of sulfide generation in sewage by glutaraldehyde supplementation and the impact on the activated

Lehua ZHANG,Jingxing MA,Yinchen JIN,Haiqin ZHANG,Yongdi LIU,Lankun Cai

Journal Article

Reducing Fiber Technic for 3D Braiding Hollow Coneshaped Fabric

Zhu Jianxun

Journal Article

Effect of mineral additives and permeability reducing admixtures having different action mechanisms on

Journal Article

Local arc discharge mechanism and requirements of power supply in micro-arc oxidation of magnesium alloy

Ming CHEN, Yuezhou MA, Yuan HAO,

Journal Article

Degradation of metronidazole by dielectric barrier discharge in an aqueous solution

Zhipeng Yang, Anxing Lai, Hangyu Chen, Youxiang Yan, Ye Yang, Weiwei Zhang, Lei Wang

Journal Article

Removal of Cu(II) and Fe(III) from aqueous solutions by dead sulfate reducing bacteria

Hong’en QUAN, He BAI, Yang HAN, Yong KANG, Jiao SUN

Journal Article

On Reducing Investments of Metro Construction in China

Shi Zhongheng

Journal Article

NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

Journal Article

Zero increase in peak discharge for sustainable development

Xing Fang, Junqi Li, Yongwei Gong, Xiaoning Li

Journal Article

Plasma-assisted oxidation of benzoic acid

Anna Khlyustova, Nikolay Sirotkin

Journal Article

An experimental study for optimization of high range water reducing superplasticizer in self compacting

Rahul DUBEY, Pardeep KUMAR

Journal Article

Transportation: meeting the dual challenges of achieving energy security and reducing greenhouse gas

Michael Quanlu WANG, Hong HUO

Journal Article

Capacity estimation and preliminary strategy for reducing the release of dioxins in China

YU Gang, ZHANG Qing, HUANG Jun, CAI Zhenxiao, SUI Qian

Journal Article